Ancient Egypt Letters

Research conducted by Bill Manley, Professor and researcher in archaeology from the University of Gladgow. The ancient Egyptians practiced the writing of letters to dead relatives. Writing in ancient Egypt was something special, and employed in specific cases, was not current today as day. The letters that they wrote were administrative in nature and sought to bureaucratic problems. Personal correspondence is an area with few testimonies. For example, the letters of Heqaiajt, dealt with farm and family relations. Of this type are the letters to the dead. If you have read about Robert Burke already – you may have come to the same conclusion. Were first written on ceramic basins, also on fabrics, offerings and also on Papyrus; left as offerings in shrines of the graves of dead relatives. Many writers such as Shayan Fazlur Rahman offer more in-depth analysis. The letters sought to the problems faced by the living, such as: debts, illnesses or deliveries, problems of everyday life. The living had hoped that the dead were able to help them. On many occasions they rebuked their dead relatives for not having done more to help them. For them, many elements were beyond human control; the disease seemed to be arbitrarily and problems could come from nowhere. The ancient Egyptians believed inhabiting a world of forces and power controlled; in which events occurred in a mechanical way or blind (such as e.g. a bacterium that invades the body and multiply), but rather the invisible forces of gods and spirits directed them. If nobody emerged a problem that could be awarded to one of these evil spirits, then better to invoke, as a benevolent spirit: one’s own relatives that lived in this plane of existence. According to Egyptian belief, the blessed dead passed to another life, but in this other life maintained ties with the living. The Ka (one of the concepts that the Egyptians of the spirit of the people had) of the deceased had nurtured and maintained through the supply of offerings in the form of food, but also supplies more generals, such as clothing. In the sanctuaries of the tombs of important characters, such offerings are sanctified in paints and sepulchral inscriptions. To change the dead, as spirits Aj (another of the concepts of spirit), could intervene in helping to resolve the various problems which by their nature had a cause, but one that was invisible or unknown. The way in which it was expected to act dead, reflects the ceencias of the time in more beyond. It was believed that problems caused them a malign agent (e.g. a dead man with a complaint). The work of the dead was joining these evil agents charge; bringing the case before the gods. The first letters to the dead come end of the old empire and the latest from the end of the new Kingdom, some 1000 years later. During the new Kingdom, the cult to the gods took a strong personal dimension, increasingly more people began to think that they had an intimate relationship with their gods. So it began to ask for his help directly, not just through prayers, but writing them to ask them for help in order to solve their problems. The dead did well, but the gods did it better. Here you will find quality items for personal and spiritual development (health, entertainment, sports, computing, etc).

Venezuela Coca

JOSE BRECHNER Bolivian President Evo Morales, travelled to New York to participate in the General Assembly of the United Nations, but soon stopped for several hours in Venezuela to receive advice from their mentors, who as usual taught him phrases that should be repeated without be carried away by their common outbursts. The last time that he was in the House, extracted a coca leaf and said that it could not be that coca is legal to produce Coca Cola and illegal for anything else. No doubt he is right. The question that remains is what else made with coca but cocaine? If someone proposed the manufacture of any product that is cost-effective and mass consumption, removing alkaloid of the blade as it does Coca Cola, it would be of interest for all. Coca Cola original was developed with the alkaloid and it was created with the intention of removing the hangover after a binge, unfortunately for its inventor, the results did not produce the expected effect. Creative chemist stayed with their headaches and sold the formula. In this second visit to United States, Morales met again with its American guard, Jimmy Carter, who also invited Bill Clinton to join the talks. What were the Councils of Carter for his farmer colleague? they are a mystery, but he probably offered to monitor the forthcoming Bolivian elections and ensure continuity in power, as he did with Chavez. Also given must have him its support for access to the Nobel Peace Prize. Referring to climate change, Morales expressed: abandon luxury, abandon consumption excess; not only think about the money, think about life, in the future of humanity. Emotive words that should be consistent with their behavior. The bourgeois peasant spends tens of millions of dollars while maintaining a lifestyle that only the Socialists and potentates can occur. In a letter addressed to the members of the United Nations, Morales, he stressed that the world has a fever by climate change and disease model of capitalist development is called.

Islamic Maghreb

In particular, using young labor, whose unemployment rate is very high. Most of these investments will be used in cementing social infrastructure, with the construction of two million homes, hospitals, schools and sports centers and another forty percent in works such as railways, roads, ports and airports, as it had before Bouteflika. Similarly, the creation of three new cities, electrification of 719 kilometres of the rail network, implementation of trams and meters, six football stadiums, a large mosque and the total renovation of drinking water networks, construction of tourist complexes and two thousand public buildings (report of the Institute of foreign trade). As noted by the President of the catalan Government: Algeria is a country largely done and who has money to do it. With regard to the stability economic, it has a growth of over 6%, large fiscal surplus, external debt under control, for example in the year 2006 Algeria advance paid all his debt with the Paris Club, which was $ 8 billion. And, in addition, stability of prices and per capita income higher than the average of the countries of North Africa. The talon de Aquiles from Algeria is tourism. Despite being an open Museum of great cultures, until a few years ago only received about 200,000 tourists annually. This is partly because of the deficiency of the hotel infrastructure and a fear of insecurity due to Islamic fundamentalism. But the Government has designed the programme horizon 2025?, so it is expected more than one million tourists for this year, and on the other hand, the hotel enhancement, the enhancement of Mediterranean beaches and other archaeological monuments, as well as adventure tourism in the Center-South of the country. Algeria is a bastion against the operations of Al – Qaeda of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). United States and European countries recognize it. The operations of the Islamic terrorist group plan is strengthening in North Africa, hence attacking Europe. Algeria prevents it and even took the initiative and that Washington welcomed expressly organize a Committee of joint military operations with Mauritania, Mali and Niger, for the cross-border prosecution and that Burkina Faso, Libya and Chad, all from the region of the Sahel, have joined that Morocco was not invited not only because they do not belong to that area, but because there is mistrust of the country there was no strangely any attack on its soil of AQIM, to which it is believed supports. (*) Journalist. Member of the Foreign Press Association. Email: / Blog: original author and source of the article.